A logotype is a
graphic design element, representing an organization or product. In order to promote themselves, countries also developed a logo.

Brands representing countries are one of the biggest challenges when it comes to designing visual identity. It needs to represent it's geography and it's culture to people abroad; these logos are a way to stimulate tourism and the general image of the country.
Symbols, colors and forms are elements that, when combined, can create a strong identity to a country. They don't need to use the colors from the flag, or the common icons that we usually associate to each country.
If we take the example of Colombia, they don't use the flag colors, or the typical coffee icon. Designers in charged of developing the logo interviewed several Colombians and foreign people and came to the conclusion that one of the main things Colombian people had in common was passion, and passion was associated with hearts and fire; that's how the final logo for promoting Colombia abroad was created.
Source:
Cidade dos Logos
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